Inspect Cache-Control, ETag, Expires and Last-Modified.
Free, no signup. We fetch the page once and read what your server sends back.
Caching headers decide whether a returning visitor downloads your page again or reads it from their own disk. Get them right and repeat visits are close to instant.
For HTML, a short max-age such as 600 seconds. For versioned CSS, JS and images, max-age=31536000 with immutable, because the filename changes when the content does.
Indirectly through speed, and directly through crawl efficiency: a well-cached site is cheaper for Google to crawl.
A fingerprint of the response. The browser sends it back and the server can reply "not modified" without resending the body.
Commonly a Cache-Control: no-store from a session or cookie layer, often set sitewide when it was only needed on logged-in pages.
Run the full free report, or have us go through it with you on a call.